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Introduction The semi-permeable vascular barrier between the blood and the surrounding tissue is maintained by a monolayer of endothelial cells ( 1 ). The endothelial barrier regulates the extravasation of leukocytes and fluid ( 2 , 3
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Lung endothelial barrier dysfunction is the hallmark of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), the most severe form of Acute Lung Injury. In ARDS, pulmonary interstitial and alveolar edema augments the intra-pulmonary shunt and reduces the
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Introduction Endothelial cells (ECs) line the inner surface of blood and lymph vessels, forming an active barrier between the circulation and the underlying tissue ( 1 ). This barrier must be tightly regulated to control the exchange of
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crawling on the luminal side of the endothelium allows the immune cells to find the endothelial junctions, which allow for their diapedesis across the endothelial barrier (reviewed in ( 3 )). Before reaching the tissue parenchyma, immune cells have to cross
Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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– two hierarchically branched tubular networks built by endothelial cells (ECs) ( 1 , 2 ). The blood vasculature is a closed circulatory system organized in arteries, veins and interconnecting capillaries, in which blood recirculates. The lymphatic
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Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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local disruption of the endothelial barrier. Additionally, CTCs secrete factors that increase vascular permeability or induce apoptosis or necroptosis in ECs ( 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 ). CTCs can subsequently transmigrate through the barrier by forming membrane
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Jamieson JJ Linville RM Ding YY Gerecht S Searson PC . Role of iPSC-derived pericytes on barrier function of iPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells in 2D and 3D . Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16 15. ( https://doi.org/10.1186/s12987
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borders. The luminal side of endothelial cells is coated by a layer of glycoproteins (glycocalyx) a component of the tripartite blood-brain barrier ( 14 ). The glycocalyx has previously been shown to be nonuniform along the vascular tree, with the
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Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, Sassari, Italy
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pathophysiological role of the endothelium in COVID-19 onset and progression. Vascular endothelial cells form a highly effective barrier between the circulation and peripheral tissues and play a key role in the maintenance of vessel tone, hemostasis, immune response
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Department of Medical Specializations – Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Department of Medical Specializations – Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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endothelial barrier function resulting in increased vascular permeability is a key event in pathological conditions associated with edema and inflammation. Although the endothelial barrier is principally regulated by tight junctions (TJs) sealing the
