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Ornella Colpani IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

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Gaia Spinetti IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy

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) show the formation of a necrotic core within the plaques in the absence of SASP. Interestingly, reduced expression of TRF2 has been associated with senescent VSMCs in human atherosclerotic lesions ( 14 ). MicroRNAs are master regulators of

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Sara Sileno Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Experimental Immunology Laboratory Via Monti di Creta, Rome, Italy

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Sara Beji Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Experimental Immunology Laboratory Via Monti di Creta, Rome, Italy

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Marco D’Agostino Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Experimental Immunology Laboratory Via Monti di Creta, Rome, Italy

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Alessandra Carassiti Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Experimental Immunology Laboratory Via Monti di Creta, Rome, Italy

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Guido Melillo Unit of Cardiology, IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta, Rome, Italy

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Alessandra Magenta Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, Rome, Italy

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risk factors, leading the authors to conclude that psoriasis is independently associated with the presence of CAD ( 19 ). Finally, a strict correlation between the duration of psoriasis and the extension of CAD exists. microRNA involved in psoriasis

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David Mellis University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Andrea Caporali University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Introduction to miRNAs in vascular biology MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a member of the small non-coding RNA family; they are ~22 nucleotides and are strong post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression. The specificity of miRNA targeting is

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Dwitiya Sawant Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Brenda Lilly Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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manuscript. Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge the support of the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital. References 1 Bartel DP MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function [Internet] . Cell

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Malik Bisserier Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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Radoslav Janostiak Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

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Frank Lezoualc’h Inserm, UMR-1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, University of Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 4, France

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Lahouaria Hadri Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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activation of target genes. BRD4 is upregulated in lungs, distal PAs, and PASMCs of patients with PAH compared with healthy donors ( 94 ). Mechanistically, microRNA-204 upregulated BRD4 expression in PAH. Pharmacological inhibition of BRD4 with JQ1

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Alessandra Magenta Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy

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Reggio Lorde Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

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Sunayana Begum Syed Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Maurizio C Capogrossi Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Annibale Puca Ageing Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’ University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy

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Paolo Madeddu Bristol Medical School (Translational Health Sciences), Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

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. LncRNAs and circRNAs that sponge miRNA-21 miR-21 is a highly expressed microRNA in the cardiovascular system; it attenuates inflammation, maladaptive remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction in post myocardial infarction ( 96 ). Recent studies have reported

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Sarah Costantino Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

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Shafeeq A Mohammed Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

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Samuele Ambrosini Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

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Francesco Paneni Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

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pharmacological intervention, with several compounds already available ( 52 ). microRNAs and cardiovascular damage in obesity and diabetes Together with DNA methylation and histone marks, ncRNAs are critically involved in obesity and diabetes

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James T Pearson Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
Department of Physiology and Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

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Mikiyasu Shirai Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Vijayakumar Sukumaran Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Cheng-Kun Du Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Takashi Sonobe Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Mark T Waddingham Department of Cardiac Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan

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Rajesh Katare Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Daryl O Schwenke Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

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functional angiogenesis in a mouse model of critical limb ischemia through activation of proangiogenic microRNAs . Endocrinology 2016 432 – 445 . ( https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1799 ) 25 Neale JPH Pearson JT Katare R Schwenke DO . Ghrelin

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Ebba Brakenhielm Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU REMOD-VHF, Rouen, France

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Vincent Richard Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) UMR1096 (EnVI Laboratory), FHU REMOD-VHF, Rouen, France

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various angiogenic regulators including transcription factors, growth factors, bioactive lipids, as well as epigenetic regulators such as microRNA (miR) and long-noncoding RNA that together may better orchestrate tissue repair and regeneration ( 46 , 47

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Linda Alex Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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Nikolaos G Frangogiannis Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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attenuated adverse remodeling and improved systolic dysfunction, by secreting angiogenic mediators (such as VEGF and angiopoietin-1) and by releasing protective microRNAs ( 75 ). Pericyte-derived miR-132 was identified a key cardioprotective factor that

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