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Tatiane Gorski Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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Katrien De Bock Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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ingenious network of blood vessels formed by neatly aligned endothelial cells (ECs). During exercise, the uptake of oxygen and nutrients needs to increase dramatically ( 3 , 4 ), and for this reason, blood flow through the vessels surrounding the active

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Chia-Pei Denise Hsu Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

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Joshua D Hutcheson Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

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Sharan Ramaswamy Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA

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Introduction The cardiovascular system consists of a complex network of blood vessels that facilitates the flow of blood from the heart to the rest of the body. As the first fully functional organ system to form during embryonic development

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Max L B Grönloh Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vascular Biology Lab, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Merel E Tebbens Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vascular Biology Lab, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Marianthi Kotsi Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vascular Biology Lab, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Janine J G Arts Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jaap D van Buul Department of Medical Biochemistry, Vascular Biology Lab, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Molecular Hematology, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) are cell surface proteins that play a crucial role in the body’s immune response and inflammatory processes. ICAM1 and ICAM2 are two ICAM family members expressed on the surface of various cell types, including endothelial cells. They mediate the interaction between immune cells and endothelial cells, which are critical for the trafficking of leukocytes across the blood vessel wall during inflammation. Although ICAM1 plays a prominent role in the leukocyte extravasation cascade, it is less clear if ICAM2 strengthens ICAM1 function or has a separate function in the cascade. With CRISPR–)Cas9 technology, endothelial cells were depleted for ICAM1,ICAM2, or both, and we found that neutrophils favored ICAM1 over ICAM2 to adhere to. However, the absence of only ICAM2 resulted in neutrophils that were unable to find the transmigration hotspot, i.e. the preferred exit site. Moreover, we found that ICAM2 deficiency prevented neutrophils to migrate against the flow. Due to this deficiency, we concluded that ICAM2 helps neutrophils find the preferred exit sites and thereby contributes to efficient leukocyte extravasation.

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Paul H A Quax Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Marie-José T H Goumans Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands

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, blood vessels work as a team with the heart pumping blood through arteries, capillaries and veins. Serving the entire body, the vasculature is an exciting organ important in both health and disease. Therefore, we are very honoured to act as co-Editors in

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Roberta Giordo Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

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Panagiotis Paliogiannis Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy

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Arduino Aleksander Mangoni Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia

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Gianfranco Pintus Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, Sassari, Italy

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as the lung and the kidney ( 20 ). In this regard, recent data obtained in engineered human blood vessel organoids derived frm induced pluripotent stem cells confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 can directly infect blood vessel cells. Indeed, SARS-CoV-2-infected

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Jaana Schneider Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

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Marianne Pultar Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

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Wolfgang Holnthoner Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

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the lens in the eye, most of the organs in the human body rely on a functional supply with vascular structures to provide the cells with oxygen and nutrients on the one side (blood vessels) and to drain interstitial fluid back into the venous

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T Scott Bowen School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Stuart Egginton School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Angiogenesis Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from an existing capillary bed ( de novo creation of capillaries, neovascularisation, is a distinct process), is not only essential in the maintenance of tissue/organ health, but also

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Søren Grubb Department of Neuroscience and Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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, and compare their ultrastructure with current knowledge about these cell types. Vascular mural cells exhibit a continuum of shapes at the resistance microvasculature Mural cells form the second layer of the blood vessel wall, encapsulated by a

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Xusheng Zhang Department of Cardiology, The First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
Department of Cardiology, Longgang People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

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Zhanjun Huang Department of Cardiology, Longgang People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

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Xiaorong Fan Department of Cardiology, Longgang People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

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Xiaoqing Tan Department of Cardiology, Longgang People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

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Chengzhi Lu Department of Cardiology, The First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China

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Jianshe Yang Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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, vascular calcification was considered to be the result of passive degeneration of blood vessels, marking the aging of blood vessels. However, a growing number of studies have shown that vascular calcification is an active process regulated by a variety of

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Dwitiya Sawant Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Brenda Lilly Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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). miR-145 in the cardiovascular system. Is there a link to cancer? During embryogenesis, miR-145 is highly expressed in the heart and blood vessels of the developing embryo ( 6 , 10 ). Postnatally, miR-145 expression is reduced in the heart and is

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